Exchange Offline Defragmentation
In this post I'll describe a few quick steps to complete a very lengthy and tiring process of Exchange Database Defragmentation and I mean Offline Defragmentation !!!
You should defrag your Exchange database offline to reduce the physical size of your Exchange database. We will perform offline defragmentation by using the ESE utility (ESEUTIL) while your mailbox stores and public folder stores are offline.
Note that the length of time that the defragmentation will take will depend on the amount of white space in the database, as well as the size of the transactions recorded in the database, and your hardware specifications.
Defragmentation requires free disk space equal to the size of the database (actually, you'll need 110% of free space).
Microsoft recommends a conservative 5 - 7 GB per hour for a defrag operation, which means that your server will be offline for as long as it takes, assuming no hardware failures will occur.
ESEUTIL:
The Exchange Server Database Utilities (Eseutil.exe) is a tool that you can use to verify, modify, and repair an Exchange database file. When a database is corrupt or damaged, you can restore data from backup or repair it using Eseutil. Eseutil is a command-line tool that works with the Extensible Storage Engine (ESE), database files, and log files associated with a Microsoft Exchange database. Eseutil is located in the Exchange default install folder, which is <SystemDrive>:\Program Files\Microsoft\Exchange Server\Bin.
Defragmentation Modes:
Eseutil /D Defragmentation Mode
Eseutil /P Repair Mode
Eseutil /C Restore Mode
Eseutil /R Recovery Mode
Eseutil /G Integrity Mode
Eseutil /M File Dump Mode
Eseutil /K Checksum Mode
Eseutil /Y Copy File Mode
Here, in this post we'll deal only with the Defragmentation Mode and its variations.
Use one or more of the following options to specify the operations that you want to perform on the database.
Option Description
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
/b <path> Makes a backup copy of the original uncompacted database
at the specified location.
/p Retains and preserves the original uncompacted database
in its original location and stores the new compacted
database in the default file Exchsrvr\Bin\Tempdfrg.edb.
/t <file_name> Creates and renames the new compacted database in the
specified path.
/o Does not display the Microsoft Exchange Server banner.
Now, lets get down to the Mis-En-Place for Defragnmentation
1. Check Eventviewer Logs for successful Backup (Make sure you backup your database before performing a defrag)
2. Check Transaction Logs Deleted successfully from Eventviewer
3. Check Antivirus Logs
4. Dismount Database that needs to be defragmented - SG1\TX-DB01
5. Check for Clean/Dirty Shutdown (/mh)
Eseutil /mh N:\TX-DB01.edb
To Defrag, navigate to the "<SystemDrive>:\Program Files\Microsoft\Exchange Server\Bin" folder and type the command:
eseutil /d N:\TX-DB01.edb /p
Using a /p switch saves you from the worries of database corruptions if any failures take place while defragmentation.
You should be able to see the temporary file for the defrag being created under the /Bin folder that contains eseutil.exe
After completion the screen should look like this:
In my case I was able to reduce a dastabase of 95GB to an unimaginable amount of 44GB.
Reference Articles:
http://www.petri.co.il/defragment_exchange_2000_2003_server_databases.htm
http://msexchangeguru.com/2009/07/12/exchange-database-recovery-using-eseutil-commands/
http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa998249(v=exchg.80).aspx
http://support.microsoft.com/kb/192185
You should defrag your Exchange database offline to reduce the physical size of your Exchange database. We will perform offline defragmentation by using the ESE utility (ESEUTIL) while your mailbox stores and public folder stores are offline.
Note that the length of time that the defragmentation will take will depend on the amount of white space in the database, as well as the size of the transactions recorded in the database, and your hardware specifications.
Defragmentation requires free disk space equal to the size of the database (actually, you'll need 110% of free space).
Microsoft recommends a conservative 5 - 7 GB per hour for a defrag operation, which means that your server will be offline for as long as it takes, assuming no hardware failures will occur.
ESEUTIL:
The Exchange Server Database Utilities (Eseutil.exe) is a tool that you can use to verify, modify, and repair an Exchange database file. When a database is corrupt or damaged, you can restore data from backup or repair it using Eseutil. Eseutil is a command-line tool that works with the Extensible Storage Engine (ESE), database files, and log files associated with a Microsoft Exchange database. Eseutil is located in the Exchange default install folder, which is <SystemDrive>:\Program Files\Microsoft\Exchange Server\Bin.
| Streaming (.stm) files are not supported by Eseutil in Exchange 2007 databases. However, Eseutil supports .stm files in older Exchange databases. If you are working with databases in versions of Exchange that precede Exchange 2007, use the Eseutil tool that is associated with that version of the Exchange database. |
Defragmentation Modes:
Eseutil /D Defragmentation Mode
Eseutil /P Repair Mode
Eseutil /C Restore Mode
Eseutil /R Recovery Mode
Eseutil /G Integrity Mode
Eseutil /M File Dump Mode
Eseutil /K Checksum Mode
Eseutil /Y Copy File Mode
Here, in this post we'll deal only with the Defragmentation Mode and its variations.
Use one or more of the following options to specify the operations that you want to perform on the database.
Option Description
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
/b <path> Makes a backup copy of the original uncompacted database
at the specified location.
/p Retains and preserves the original uncompacted database
in its original location and stores the new compacted
database in the default file Exchsrvr\Bin\Tempdfrg.edb.
/t <file_name> Creates and renames the new compacted database in the
specified path.
/o Does not display the Microsoft Exchange Server banner.
Now, lets get down to the Mis-En-Place for Defragnmentation
1. Check Eventviewer Logs for successful Backup (Make sure you backup your database before performing a defrag)
2. Check Transaction Logs Deleted successfully from Eventviewer
3. Check Antivirus Logs
4. Dismount Database that needs to be defragmented - SG1\TX-DB01
5. Check for Clean/Dirty Shutdown (/mh)
Eseutil /mh N:\TX-DB01.edb
To Defrag, navigate to the "<SystemDrive>:\Program Files\Microsoft\Exchange Server\Bin" folder and type the command:
eseutil /d N:\TX-DB01.edb /p
Using a /p switch saves you from the worries of database corruptions if any failures take place while defragmentation.
You should be able to see the temporary file for the defrag being created under the /Bin folder that contains eseutil.exe
After completion the screen should look like this:
In my case I was able to reduce a dastabase of 95GB to an unimaginable amount of 44GB.
6. Now you can replace the temp files with the existing .edb and .stm files and leave the rest files present there. Better to keep the old .edb and .stm for sometime as a RollBack Plan.
7. Mount the database and verify functionality
Note:
After performing these activities I have noticed the reduction and the amount of time taken mainly depends on the size of the .stm file. A Bigger .stm filesize can take a longer defrag time and lesser reduction in size and vice versa.
Till Then
Keep Innovating
Note:
After performing these activities I have noticed the reduction and the amount of time taken mainly depends on the size of the .stm file. A Bigger .stm filesize can take a longer defrag time and lesser reduction in size and vice versa.
Till Then
Keep Innovating
Reference Articles:
http://www.petri.co.il/defragment_exchange_2000_2003_server_databases.htm
http://msexchangeguru.com/2009/07/12/exchange-database-recovery-using-eseutil-commands/
http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa998249(v=exchg.80).aspx
http://support.microsoft.com/kb/192185
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